求其講兩句知識論

在網上混這麼久，我發覺對於做學問或求真的態度，很多人是有問題的。

這些道理其實是非常顯淺的老生常談，你吹到好大可以話係形上學(metaphysics)、知識論、批判思考。

但其實叫甚麼不重要，做到才最重要。

而這麼多人做不到，我不知是因為世道衰微，還是因為眾生本愚昧。

就這問題我嘗試提個大概。

1) Always differentiate facts from opinions.

先搞清楚講的是事實還是看法。

2) When someone differs a lot from your opinion or knowledge framework, you need not decide instantly whether it is true or false.

當某人的意見或知識架構和你有很大差異，你毋須要刻下就斷言對錯。

3) Gather information from various sources, even from those which annoy you. I also read from Ta Kung Pao, Wen Wei Po and People's Daily Online too.

在不同的渠道收集訊息，甚至是一些令你討厭的消息來源。我有看文匯、大公、人民網㗎。

4) Look out for patterns and contradictions, which are abundant in commie narratives.

注意尋找一些模式或矛盾之處，而這些在共產黨論述內是多着呢。

5) Many a time it is not just a dichotomy of "true or false". Sometimes it is just a level of confidence about a particular statement, if it is the best information you can have at the moment, you have to accept it.

很多時事情不是一個可截然二分是與非的情況。有時就只能說對某一項陳述你能有多大信心的問題。如果此刻這已是你能得到的最好訊息，你只有接受。

6) Be always open to criticizing your own theory. Check its weak spots.

隨時要抱着開放態度去批評自己的理論。檢查它的薄弱之處。

For example, can the States or UK be called righteous? Probably not, they really have violated human rights too. They have moments of betrayal.

例如，美國或英國能稱得上是公義嗎？很可能不是，他們也有侵犯人權，也有背信棄義。

Yet all in all, the Western democracy is much more preferable to communist state apparatus.

但總的來說，西方民主比共產主義之下的國家機器是遠較可取。

7) Also it makes sense to reason this way, suppose in believing P, say, "Hong Kong will reinvigorate", you have the pros n cons (like sacrificing freedom for economic gains) and in believing ~P, you have other cost/return factors (like a more industrious living for peace of mind and personal safety), you should consider under the worst case scenario, can you afford the harsh reality then?

以下這樣去考量是合理的，假如去相信某一說法 P, 比方說 「香港能復元、振興」，你會有若干利弊 （例如犧牲自由換取經濟得益），而去採信「非P」, 你有別的「成本/回報」因素 （例如一較辛勤的生活來換取安心和個人安全），你要考慮在最差的可能情況下，你能否承擔殘酷現實？

That is why it makes sense to buy insurance, yet it may not be worthwhile to buy every Mark Six draw. Well you do have a slight chance of missing the jackpot, but alas, you can stand the blow, right?

這就是為何選擇買保險是合理，但每期六合彩都買卻並不化算。當然你有可能錯失巨獎，唉，不過，你能接受這打擊，對吧？

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